NCERT Solutions For Class 9 Social Science

Term I Class 9 Social Science Syllabus Course Structure

No.	Units	Marks
I	India and the Contemporary World -1	10
II	Contemporary India – I	10
III	Democratic Politics – I	10
IV	Economics	10
	Total	40

Term II Class 9 Social Science Syllabus Course Structure

No.	Units	Marks
I	India and the Contemporary World -1	10
II	Contemporary India – I	10
III	Democratic Politics – I	10
IV	Economics	10
	Total	40

Internal Assessment Class 9 Social Science

Internal Assessment	Marks
Periodic Assessment	10 Marks
Portfolio	05 Marks
Subject Enrichment Activity	05 Marks
Total Marks	20 Marks

Class 9 is a very important stage in a student’s life as it is the first step of moving to adultery. They not only encounter challenges in academic life but also in real life because of their age. At this age, they are neither children nor grown up to be adults. However, this is the right time for them to learn about the outside world. This is the time for them to understand their country and what lies in it.

Social science is the subject that will teach them all about the country and its constitution, its history, and its geographical characteristics. Infusing the proud feeling about the motherland by knowing its bits and pieces begins in class 9. NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Social Science makes it possible for students to learn better and score higher.    

NCERT Solutions For Class 9 Social Science Chapter-wise Summary:

Economics

• Chapter 1 – The Story of Village Palampur

In this chapter, students will be able to understand how farming and non-farming activities take place in Indian villages. Palampur is a representative village considered as it has the most relevant activities across the villages of India. This chapter covers most of the modern and organic farming requirements and their advantages and disadvantages. It also teaches about non-farming activities like dairy, general stores, transpiration, fishing, and mining.     

• Chapter 2 – People as Resource

From this chapter, students will learn how the people are the strongest resource for each activity. Students can learn what is a resource, the characteristics of human resources, the role of education, the role of health, the importance of health in an individual’s life, the activities of primary, secondary, and tertiary sectors, and the difference between economic and non-economic activities, why women are paid low for the same work men do, what is unemployment, and a lot of other socio-economical factors.   

• Chapter 3 – Poverty as a Challenge

This chapter will make the concept clear in students’ minds about poverty. It will explain how poverty has always been a challenge to overcome for years even after independence. Students will have an opportunity to learn about the estimation of the poverty line in India, poverty trends since 1973, the major reasons for poverty, and the most vulnerable groups to poverty. This is a power-thinker chapter for those who wish to do something for their country.

• Chapter 4 – Food Security in India

The food security of India will be considered full if all people will have food with sufficient nutrition which they eat. The students can study what food security is, why it is needed, who is not having safe food, what is a green revolution, and food security in India. Students will also learn about how food security is ensured, who is more prone to food insecurity, which state is the most food insecure, the effect of natural calamity and disaster on food, the government’s effort for food security, and the role of cooperatives in providing food.

With NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Social Science, the students have high hope to learn economics in a simple way, and for those who feel it is tough; they can understand the concept clearly.

History

• Chapter 1 – The French Revolution

The French revolution is about the revolt of the French people against the reign of the King. The common people rebel and took control of the government in France. The revolution started in 1789 and ended around the 1790s. The social and political structures of the French changed completely after this revolution. The students will be able to understand the reasons for the revolution, the advantages and disadvantages of the revolution, and the rise of Napoleon.   

• Chapter 2 – Socialism in Europe and the Russian Revolution

Though the French revolution showed a way to live with dignity, not everyone agreed it was the right way and this gave rise to liberals, conservatives, and radicals. This chapter explains the social, economic, and political conditions in Russia, the main events and effects of the February revolution, the main events and effects of the October revolution, changes after the October revolution, and overall socialism in Europe.

• Chapter 3 – Nazism and the Rise of Hitler

Adolf Hitler was from a common background with high ambitions. He rose to power when he joined German Worker’s Party in 1919. In 1920, the name was changed and shortened to NAZI party. The students will learn a lot of layers of German history under Hitler from this chapter. They will learn about the problems faced by the Weimar republic, how NAZIs became popular in 1930, what was NAZI thought process was, hatred for Jews as propaganda, the role of women, and how Nazis sought power over its people. 

• Chapter 4 – Forest Society and Colonialism

This chapter explains how the British wanted to restore the forest but exploit them for their cause. This double-standard made it important for Indians who were facing many restrictions while using forest properties. British always thought the Indians will destroy the forestry for their purpose and hence wanted to save forests. But at the same time, they were not hesitant to use forest property when they wished. Students will learn about the changes in forest management, what is colonial management, deforestation, commercial forestry, rebels, and forest transformation.

• Chapter 5 – Pastoralists in the Modern World

This chapter teaches students about a community that does not have a fixed living place. They move from one place to another to feed the cattle. They mostly are cattle herders and search the pastures for their cattle. This community is called nomadic and does not have a permanent house anywhere. The students can know the pastoral nomads and their movements (in the mountains, on the plateaus, plains, and desserts), colonial rule and pastoral life (effect of changes on the lives of pastorals, how pastorals adapt to the changes), and pastoralism in Africa (grazing lands, closed borders, and when pastures dry).   

Geography

• Chapter 1 – India Size and Location

This chapter is about the following topics in India –

Size and location of India

• Longitudinal and latitudinal extensions of India
• The total area of India and the land boundary.

India and the World

• Indian Ocean – the central location of India
• The countries that lie on the eastern coast and the western coast of India
• Neighboring countries of India.

From this chapter, students will learn the geographical details of India.

• Chapter 2 – Physical Features of India

This chapter tells about the physical features of India like land, mountains, plateau, islands, and deserts. The students will learn the major physiographic division of India consisting of –

• The northern plains
• The Himalayan Mountains
• The Indian desert
• The peninsular plateau
• The islands
• The coastal plains

• Chapter 3 – Drainage

The area drained by a single river basin is called a drainage basin. The term drainage describes the river system of India. The students can learn, in detail, the following topics regarding the drainage in India –

The Himalayan Rivers

• The Indus river system
• The Ganga river system
• The Brahmaputra river system

The Peninsular Rivers

• Narmada basin
• Tapi basin
• Godavari basin
• Krishna basin
• Mahanadi basin
• Kaveri basin

Lakes

Role of rivers in economy

The students will also learn about Wular Lake, the source of the Narmada River, saltwater lake, peninsular areas, and river basins.

• Chapter 4 – Climate

Climate is one of the major factors in the survival of human beings, animals, and plants. The climatic conditions of a particular area decide the livelihood of people in that area. Climate can be defined as the sum total of weather conditions and variations over a large area for a long period. By studying this chapter, the students can understand the following information –

Climatic control

Factors affecting India’s climate

• Latitude
• Altitude
• Pressure and wind

Indian monsoon

The seasons

• Cold weather season
• Hot weather season
• Rainy season
• Retreating/Post monsoon

Distribution of rainfall

The climate plays a very important role in determining the lifestyle of people, the vegetation, and the types of animals that can survive in particular conditions.  

• Chapter 5 – Natural Vegetation and Wild Life

India demonstrates a rich culture of staying ahead of others as it is one of the 12 mega biodiversity countries with about 47000 plant species and fourth in Asia for plant diversity. India is a very rich country in diverse wildlife and natural vegetation. In this chapter, students will learn about –

Relief: Land and soil

Climate

• Temperature
• Photoperiod
• Precipitation

Types of vegetation

• Tropical deciduous forests
• Mangrove forests
• Tropical evergreen forests
• Montane forests
• Tropical thorn forests and scrubs

• Chapter 6 – Population

The population is important for the growth and development of human beings. It is an important part of the socio-economical culture and plays a major role in social studies. Resources, calamities, and disasters are meant related only to a human being. By learning this chapter, students will know the three important points relevant to the population –

• Population size and distribution
• Population growth and processes of population change
• Characteristics or qualities of the population

This chapter refers to the population of India and the challenges as a country to control the growing population. As the population is essential for development and growth, too much of it creates a lot of barriers like education and unemployment. Though a government cannot control the population, it can assist people by raising awareness about it.   

Polity

• Chapter 1 – What is Democracy? Why Democracy?

This chapter consists of the points on democracy in India. Students will learn basics of the democracy and its importance in an independent country. Students will know the difference between a democratic country and an undemocratic country. This chapter will also make their concepts clear in –

What is democracy?

• Why define democracy?
• A simple definition of democracy

Features of democracy

• Free and fair electoral competition
• Summary definition
• Major decisions by elected leaders
• One person, one vote, and one value

Why is democracy needed?

• Arguments against democracy
• Debating merits of democracy
• Arguments for democracy

The broader meaning of democracy

• Chapter 2 – Constitutional Design

Every democratic country will have its constitutional design by which every citizen and the government is abiding to follow the rules. This chapter explains the basics of the Indian Constitution and how it came into effect. This chapter will let the students understand the importance of the constitution and how it binds us together. Students will also know the following topics –

Democratic constitution in South Africa

Need of constitution

Making of the Indian Constitution

Guiding values of the Indian constitution

• Chapter 3 – Electoral Politics

This chapter tells the students about the electoral procedures and the importance of elections in India. Elections are an integral part of a democratic country and it is the people’s hand to choose the leaders. Many parties claim their work superiority and offer the best manifesto but it is up to the citizens to decide who the best is. This chapter will teach the students about –

Why elections?

• Why do we need elections?
• Assembly elections in Haryana
• What makes elections democratic?
• Is political competition good?

Our system of elections

• Reserved constituencies
• Electoral constituencies
• Nomination of candidates
• Voter’s list
• Election campaign
• Polling and counting of votes

How elections in India are democratic?

• Popular participation
• Free and fair elections
• Independent election commission
• Acceptance of election results

• Chapter 4 – Working of Institutions

Indian parliament is the responsible institution for legislating and executing the acts. It is interesting to know how laws are made and who makes them. In this chapter, students will learn the topics –

Making a major policy decision

• The decision-makers
• Need for political institutions
• A government order

Parliament

• Two houses of parliament
• Need for a parliament

Political executive

• Prime Minister and Council of Ministers
• President
• Political and permanent executive
• Power of the Prime Minister

• Chapter 5 – Democratic Rights

In any democratic country, citizens have some rights for them. A democratically elected party has to give people free and fair rights. From this chapter, students can understand what the rights are and fundamental rights in the Indian constitution. Students will understand how these rights are used in real life and they will also know the following topics –

Life without rights

• Citizen’s rights in Saudi Arabia
• Prison in Guantanamo Bay
• Ethnic massacre in Kosovo

Rights in a democracy

• Why are the rights needed?
• What are rights?

Rights in the Indian constitution

• Right to freedom
• Right to freedom of religion
• Right to equality
• Cultural and educational rights
• Right against exploitation
• Right to constitutional remedies

Importance of Social Science: –

• Social Science is the subject that covers the topics of socio-economic issues in India. By learning social science, students will know the social, economical, and political culture of India.
• They will also learn about the processes, development, and improvements in the different sectors of India. Social science is the base of multiple sectors so a student can also decide his future in one of the sectors he likes.
• NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Social Science can make the basics strong. 

Scope for the Social Science: –

• Students can opt for various courses like political science if they are good and confident in social science. Since the subject is about the socio-economic development of the country it covers many topics in different fields.
• Food science, cultural programs, social activities, and political culture can be adapted by the desiring students.
• Students who want to perform social service in the future will know what they need to tap into and how can they enter that field.
• Students with a political background can make their career in politics by learning social science.

Sources for the NCERT solutions: –

• NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Social Science can be availed offline in book stores near you.
• You can download the PDFs from NCERT’s official website
• You can download information or notes from various other websites related to studies.

Conclusion: –

NCERT Solutions for Class 9 Social Science is full-fledged information on polity, economics, history, and geography subjects. The students will get the best of the information and well-explained answers to important questions. This will help guide the students who want to pursue a career related to the social science-oriented field like politics. Though it is not a very easy subject to learn, it can support the student in the examination because of its simple way of explanation of questions and topics.

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