NCERT Solutions For Class 6 Social Science

As we know, Social Science always consists of three subjects History, Geography, and Civics. It is not known why this structure was built but it has been for a long time and as such, there is no need to change it either. These three subjects are near to our past and present hence it might be one of the reasons to combine these three under Social Science.

History is our great past and tells us about our great warriors and their fight against the outside rulers. Geography tells us about our planet and geological information. Civics is a subject that gives knowledge of the Indian Constitution and Indian Politics. The contents in the NCERT Solutions for Class 6 Social Science are very useful for the students to score good marks in the exam.   

History – Our Pasts – I

Chapter-wise summary

Chapter 1 – What, Where, How, and When?

In this chapter, the following topics are covered –

• Where did people live?
• Name of the lands
• Finding out the past
• One past or many?
• What do dates mean?

Also here are some excerpts from the chapter –

• Around 4700 years ago, some cities developed around the river Indus.
• Magadha, a powerful kingdom was located near the river Ganga.
• Over the period some people also traveled and settled near hills, mountains, and seas and created traditions.
• A Manuscript is a book that is written years ago.

Chapter 2 – On the Trial of the Earliest People

The following topics are addressed in this chapter – why do people move from one location to another, the beginning of farming and herding, details on Mehrgarh, the life of hunter-gatherers, growing the crops & settling nearby, conversion from hunters to herders, three ways of fire used by hunter-gatherers, and lives of farmers and hunter-gatherers.

Chapter 3 – From Gathering to Growing Food

This chapter speaks about the discovery of clothes used during the Harappan civilization, the importance of metals, wheels, the plough, and writing for Harappans, the lifestyle of Harappans, farmers, and herders who supplied food to Harappans, and the realization of the importance of growing food.  

Chapter 4 – In the Earliest Cities

This chapter explains the Harappa and Mohenjodaro civilization, their location, and the advancement of these civilizations compared to other ancient civilizations. In this chapter the students will know about the houses, drains, and streets of Harappa were well-planned. It also explains the craft, food, and materials used by those people. Students will also know about the existence of Harappans in Gujarat and how the civilization ended mysteriously.   

Chapter 5 – What Books and Burials Tell Us

In this chapter, the topics on the Rigveda, the Samaveda, the Atharvaveda, and the Yajurveda are discussed. The students will know that the Rigveda consists of more than a thousand Suktas. It was printed more than 200 years ago and before that quoted and listened to by many. The ritual for dead people is also mentioned. 3000 years ago, big stones were used to mark the burials in Deccan, South India, North-East, and Kashmir.  

Chapter 6 – Kingdoms, Kings, and an Early Republic

This chapter describes the topics of janapadas, how rulers were chosen, taxes, vajji, mahajapadas, Magadha, and changes n agriculture. The following are the important points from the chapter –

• Massive sacrifices lead certain men to become kings.
• Horse sacrifice or Ashvamedha was one such ritual to choose a king.
• The kings with such sacrifices were known as janapada rajas.
• The janapada rajas that grew highly prominent were called mahajapada rajas.
• Magadha was a historic kingdom in northeastern India’s west-central state.

Chapter 7 – New Questions and Ideas

This chapter explains how the maharajapada rajas gained more power. The students will also know the story of Buddha, Buddha’s teaching, Upanishads, Jainism, the Sangha, and monasteries. The topics covered in this chapter are the advent of Aryans and Rigvedic states, introduction to the Vedic period & its sources, polity & administration, society during the Vedic period, economic life during the Vedic age, the impact of Jainism, introduction to Jainism, Doctrines & teaching of Jainism, and Doctrines & teaching of Buddhism.    

Chapter 8 – Ashoka the Emperor Who Gave Up War

This chapter tells the story of King Ashoka who sacrificed his emperor for the brutal killings during war. The chapter describes the background of Ashoka, whose grandfather was Chandragupta Maurya, Ujjain and Taxila were well-known cities in the empire, Patliputra, the capital, and how various activities in the empire were carried out by designated people.

Chapter 9 – Vital Villages, Thriving Towns

This chapter describes the evolution of cities. The chapter covers the following topics; Iron tools & agriculture, landowners & laborers, cities, coins, cities & their function, Arikamedu, and crafts & craftsperson.   

Chapter 10 – Traders Kings and Pilgrims

In this chapter, the students will learn about the administration of the kingdoms in the past under different rulers. Land revenue was collected and the village was the basic unit of administration. The important posts were usually hereditary and sons automatically succeeded the fathers. As per ability, the work was deployed to people, sometimes more than one. Most kings maintained an organized army with soldiers, elephants, chariots, and cavalry. 

Chapter 11 – New Empires and Kingdoms

This chapter describes the emergence of some of the powerful dynasties in the coming years after 320 AD. The chapter covers the topics like the Gupta age (320-540 AD), rulers of the Gupta empire, Sri Gupta, the founder, military system, Gupta administration, social conditions, Science & technology, art & architecture, paintings, trade & religion, and Harshavarddhana. 

Chapter 12 – Buildings, Paintings, and Books

This chapter will let the students get knowledge about the famous pillars, stupa, and temples built in ancient India. It also describes the paintings at various places like Ajanta caves. A lot of books are written viz; Mahabharata, Panchatantra, Ramayana, Jataka, and many other exciting books.

Geography – The Earth Our Habitat

Chapter-Wise Summary

Chapter 1 – The Earth in the Solar System

Sun, moon, the stars, and all those shining in the sky during the night are called celestial bodies. Some are large, hot, and made of similar gases. This chapter covers the following topics for students to learn; stars, the Earth, celestial bodies, planets of the solar system, asteroids, constellations, the Moon, the Universe, satellites, meteoroids, the Sun, and the Galaxy.

Chapter 2 – Globe: Latitudes and Longitudes

Latitudes and longitudes give a glimpse of the elementary and basic concepts of Geography. Students will know about the latitude, longitude, equator, axis, etc. it also explains the imaginary lines that run across the globe such as the Tropic of Cancer and Capricorn, Arctic and Antarctic circle. Time zones and the concept of time differences are also part of this chapter.  

Chapter 3 – Motions of the Earth

This chapter explains the rotation of Earth and how the dynamics of the Earth work with the rest of the universe. The Earth shows two motions, revolution and rotation. When it spins around the axis, it is called rotation and when it completes its path around Sun, it is called revolution. The chapter, in detail, explains the motions of the Earth around self and the Sun.

Chapter 4 – Maps

A map is a form of plan or guide to help people reach their destination. The three categories of maps are physical maps, political maps, and thematic maps. The three components of any map are distance, direction, and symbol. The three topics covered in this chapter are types of maps, direction, and distance.

Chapter 5 – Major Domains of the Earth

The Earth is the only planet where life exists. The surface of Earth consists of three complicated components of the environment meet, overlap, and interact. The 4 most important of Earth’s domains are – the lithosphere, atmosphere, hydrosphere, and biosphere. The ecosystem is divided into 4 layers based on the composition, opposite properties, and temperature. The different layers of the atmosphere are troposphere, stratosphere, mesosphere, thermosphere, and exosphere.

Chapter 6 – Major Landforms of the Earth

The surface of Earth is different in different places. Landforms are natural physical features of the Earth and include mountains, glaciers, plains, plateaus, and valleys. The landforms exist because of the two opposing internal and external processes. The important topics covered in this chapter are plateaus, mountains, and plains.

Chapter 7 – Our Country – India

The important topics discussed in the chapter are –

• Introduction to the Indian peninsula
• Location settings of India
• The countries neighboring India
• Political and administrative divisions in India
• Physical divisions in India.

Chapter 8 – India: Climate, Wildlife, and Vegetation

This chapter talks about the Indian climate, vegetation, and wildlife. The students will know about the different seasons in India, natural vegetation, different types of vegetation in India, the difference between evergreen forests & deciduous forests, and the rainfall pattern in Indian locations.

Civics – Social and Political Life – I

Chapter wise summary

Chapter 1 – Understanding Diversity

The important topics discussed in this chapter are; diversity, benefits of diversity, historical & geographical reasons for diversity, diversity in India, and unity in diversity. The students can learn about the multiple aspects of diversity such as food, caste, languages, celebrations, clothes, and culture.

Chapter 2 – Diversity and Discrimination

From this chapter, the students will understand how diversity is found and how discrimination takes place because of diversity. This chapter consists of diversity in the lives of rural & urban people, the difference in thinking & way of living between rural & urban people, the existence of different religions in India, and discrimination of people based on caste, color, form, and wealth, religion, etc.

Chapter 3 – What is Government?

The important topics of this chapter are levels of government, laws & the government, types of government, and democratic governments. The chapter describes the role of government in society. The chapter explains the roles, responsibilities, and duties of government, the democracy of India, rules, and rights for the citizens, and the constitution of India.

Chapter 4 – Key Elements of a Democratic Government

In a democratic government, citizens share the same rights since the constitutional law is the same for all. The chapter gives an example of South Africa to explain how laws can affect the people. Further, the chapter discusses the topics of participation in relation to elections, people’s contribution to democracy, resolving conflict, and justice & equality- the prime pillar of democracy. 

Chapter 5 – Panchayati Raj

The Indian villages are managed by an independent authority and have the power of working and decision-making. This is called Panchayati Raj which runs for years and follows old customs. The overview in the chapter looks at Gram Sabha, Gram Panchayat, and different levels of Gram Panchayats.

Chapter 6 – Rural Administration

As per the census of 2011, there are 6,40,867 villages in India. For such a vast population, the administration must be highly efficient and responsible enough to run them smoothly. This chapter explains the administration and the levels of administrators for running this vast country. The topics considered here are; quarrels in a village, the jurisdiction of police stations, and the work involved at a police station, maintenance of land records, and new law.

Chapter 7 – Urban Administration

This chapter explains urban administration in the form of conversation. It makes the students take a glance at the city planning structure and the management of different fields of work. The working of the municipal corporation, their role & responsibilities, structure of management, town plan, and a lot more.

Chapter 8 – Rural Livelihood

The under-developed parts of the country are called rural areas. This chapter discusses the different occupations like barbers, washermen, & traders, shops, the life of a girl farmer, being in debt, farmers, sources of livelihood, and Pudupet.   

Chapter 9 – Urban Livelihood

This chapter tells about the people living in the urban areas, businessmen or servicemen, living ways for earning, infrastructure in the urban area, lifestyle & expenditure of urban population, the difference between the availed of facilities, and availability of medical services.

Importance of Social Science: –

The study of history gives us insight into the past and the great Indian personalities, especially pre-independence who sacrificed their lives and their families to give our nation freedom. Their struggles and freedom fights are incomparable and we cannot do what they did those days. We cannot change history but we can learn lessons from it and stay united to avoid invasions from ambitious outsiders.

Geography and Civics give students knowledge about our country, its development, available resources, and political existence. Indian Constitution is a big thing and students must be aware of the organization and administration of the Indian constitution. If we are not having this knowledge what things will make us proud and how we are going to define our goals? NCERT Solutions for Class 6 Social Science gives detailed answers to the questions in the syllabus and thus helps students to acquire the essential knowledge.

Sources of NCERT Solutions: –

• Students can avail of the solutions from the official website of NCERT and download online PDFs.
• Students can avail of the solutions from a nearby bookstore.         
• They can get help from schools to purchase NCERT Solutions for Class 6 Social Science.
• Students can refer to other educational websites from where they can take notes and study.
• There are many e-commerce websites that offer solutions to be ordered online.

Scope for Social Science: –

Social Science can be a good decision to take for graduation and higher studies. It opens many doors for the students regarding their career as the range of opportunities are wide. Students with out-of-box thinking can pursue a career in Social Science. Supported by NCERT Solutions for Class 6 Social Science, the students will know what the importance of this study material is. Let us have a look of what are the opportunities –

• Sociologist
• Political Science
• Historian
• Economist
• Survey Researcher
• Psychologist
• Industrial-Organizational Psychologist
• Urban and Regional Planner
• Anthropologist and Archaeologist
• Geographer

Conclusion: –

Social Science is a very important subject to know the history and provides a base of how to live ahead in life. History lets the students understand the rich culture of past India and geography teaches them how beautiful our country is.

Civics teaches the students whole about the political culture and life of India. The Indian constitution is top article in Indian history. The knowledge of the constitution, reforms, laws, and a lot of other things can be learned. NCERT Solutions for Class 6 Social Science lets the students have this facility where they can have readymade answers for the questions relevant to the syllabus.

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